Thursday, August 27, 2020

Divergent Suggested Essays Essay

Recommended Essay Questions 1.In what ways does Tris’s personality create through the span of the novel? Tris started the novel shy and uncertain of herself and her wants, which was normal for her Abnegation childhood: she was never permitted to concentrate on herself, so she never knew precisely what she needed. After picking Dauntless her boldness clearly starts to bloom, yet she encounters some different changes also. She manufactures companionships and connections vital to her character, with individuals who draw out the best in her. What's more, she discovers that however she has picked another group, she can in any case be magnanimous; and without a doubt she is, on numerous occasions. Before the finish of the novel, she is completely mindful of herself as Divergent †somebody who doesn't fit in, yet who can't be controlled. The occasions of the finish of the novel fortify who she has been †caring †and who she needs to become †daring. There are numerous noteworthy encounters to examine, both great and awful, that formed Tris as an individual all through her time in Dauntless. 2.Compare and differentiate this unbendingly organized society with our own. What are the upsides and downsides of each? Does one give a more successful way of life than the other? The qualifications between Tris’s society and our own are extremely obvious; their concept of turning into a decent individual includes choosing one uprightness to develop their whole lives, while for us, being acceptable and ethically stable includes a blend of the entirety of their group excellencies and then some. Socially, we have significantly more opportunity of decision, yet is that opportunity consistently something worth being thankful for? Concentrating any of the five ideals of Tris’s world can surely effectsly affect one’s life. Everything relies upon viewpoint; either could be viewed as the more compelling way of life, contingent upon what you look like at it, yet the group framework absolutely makes some noteworthy slips up in attempting to control and direct a person’s personality and humankind. 3.Discuss the adequacy of an administration show just to a solitary group. Is Jeanine Matthews genuinely wrong for calling for more prominent portrayal, or is it better to keep organization in the possession of the magnanimous? This is surely a long ways from our arrangement of popular government. While having the naturally benevolent run the legislature appears to be a decent thought in principle, by and by it might miss the mark. Refusal don't have indistinguishable objectives in life from Erudite, Candor, Amity, or Dauntless, so in this way it is normal that their organization is raised doubt about. Maybe a framework with equivalent portrayal from each group would be a superior technique; however strategy would not comprise of amazingly sacrificial acts, some of the time delegates do need to be narrow minded backers for their kin. Also, with everybody having a state, there would be substantially less possibility of a resistance the size of Erudite’s. Jeanine wasn’t completely wrong in what she lectured, yet she surely went about it the incorrect way, and Abnegation wasn’t to fault for a framework that had been imperfect from the beginning. 4.What are the advantages of arranging individuals into social gatherings the manner in which the groups are arranged? What are the downsides? We will in general subliminally sort ourselves into bunches notwithstanding; we float towards individuals with comparable interests as us, individuals with comparative foundations, individuals who appear as though us. With a general public sorted out into gatherings, residents are constantly encircled by similarly invested individuals, and there is an a lot more noteworthy possibility of coexisting with the individuals who think like you. Then again, however, that division can advance bigotry and bias, which is clearly obvious in the novel; all the groups avoided the estimations of their rivals, advancing an extremely isolated lifestyle. 5.There are just five groups; are there some other human ethics missing from the rundown? For what reason would these be essential in balanced residents? Esteeming just genuineness, magnanimity, tranquility, dauntlessness, and knowledge appears to be a little cut of by far most of fair human temperances. Another group could exist dependent on steadfastness; a significant number of the problemsâ in Tris’s world (and our own) are brought about by double-crossing and doubt. A group dependent on determination could guarantee that every one of its residents are persevering and beneficial. What's more, there could likewise be a group dependent on inventiveness, which shapes the psyche from various perspectives different groups don't. 6.Discuss Tris Prior as our hero. It is safe to say that she is a dependable storyteller? Does she generally come clean? Is it true that we are obliged by her perspective? Tris is normally an extremely clear storyteller, however maybe her perspective is regularly obfuscated by her very own partialities. We don't get a decent feeling of Peter’s character, for example, since she is generally so resolved to detest him; maybe there is something else entirely to him than meets the eye. We’re positively compelled by her point of view, just recognizing what she knows at some random time. We tackle the secrets of Four, her mom, and the Erudite-Abnegation quarrel just when she does, on the grounds that the story is told uniquely from her first individual point of view. The constraints of this point of view takes into account some secret and pressure, however, just as the solid impression of Tris as a legend. 7.What criticalness do Tris’s connections have in her life? Different connections start to bloom for Tris simply after she’s left Abnegation. Her family is broken separated, however a ways off she appears to get considerably nearer to her mom, becoming familiar with her past than she at any point knew previously. In Abnegation, Tris never had genuine companionships, yet in Dauntless she turns out to be near Will, Christina, Al, Uriah, and a portion of different starts. Without them, she wouldn’t have had the help she expected to overcome commencement. Lastly, her relationship with Four has changed her from various perspectives; she’s been offered somebody to open up to, who thusly opens up to her, and for an individual with as a lot to manage as Tris, this is significant. 8.Compare and differentiate Peter and Jeanine Matthews as rivals. Who might be viewed as the focal adversary? Both Peter and Jeanine fill in as Tris’s adversaries, however in totally different ways. Dwindle is increasingly present all through the novel, messing up Tris during commencement, her most quick concern. Yet, Jeanine is a rival for a bigger scope; however she doesn’t show up until late in the novel, we know she’s been behind the developing defiance of the Erudite and the chase for Divergent. Jeanine’s points and the compass of her grip lead to something a whole lot bigger than a battle for positioning during inception. Thus, no one but Jeanine can be viewed as the focal enemy. 9.In what ways is the fermenting war among Abnegation and Erudite suggestive of our cultural force battles? In spite of the fact that the fight at the climax of the novel is battled with cutting edge advancements like reproductions, the conditions that caused it tends to be handily contrasted with the force battles in our own general public. It begins with a gathering of individuals accepting they’ve been dealt with treacherously, with an unreasonably modest quantity of state in government, and finishes with a ridiculous fight to figure out who stays and who goes. Transformations and significant advanced wars start similarly. Jeanine Matthews is illustrative of the enticing, magnetic, and smart pioneer who can persuade her kin to mobilize against another gathering; for this situation, Abnegation. Jeanine’s strategy for control through purposeful publicity (bogus cases about Abnegation) and irreverence for others dependent on an apparent contrast or need mirrors extremist pioneers from history. 10.Which topic in the novel would you consider the most huge, and why? In spite of the fact that many significant topics in Divergent are common, the one that continually becomes an integral factor is the subject of character and how one’s decisions decide self. Tris is continually settling on decisions that characterize who she is, beginning with the significant one on Choosing Day and proceeding all through inception, finishing with her choice not to shoot Tobias in the control room so as to stop the reenactment. Her character grows further with each choice, and in the end she discovers that she can genuinely be daring and magnanimous simultaneously. This subject applies to different characters also; Caleb, for example, decided to change to Erudite so as to remain consistent with his own personality, butâ eventually comes back to Abnegation since he concludes that Erudite’s plans weren't right, and he was unable to be a piece of it. Every single character in the novel settles on in any event one decision that guides in deciding their pe rsonality; hence, this subject is amazingly noteworthy.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Cantonese Romanization System Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cantonese Romanization System - Research Paper Example From the exposition it is clear this is a type of Romanizing Cantonese formal people, places or things that is broadly utilized by the Hong Kong government offices and non-administrative associations in Hong Kong. This utilization of this technique by the legislature has a long history going back to the times of British standard and it has experienced a ton of transformation through the two universal wars. There are no severe rules laid on the technique since it simply settled itself and from that point forward it turned into a typical practice. Because of the un-normalized nature of the strategy, this framework got its faultfinders to a point that different frameworks are suggested in showing organizations for its place. As the exploration proclaims there are a few downsides related with Hong Kong government Romanization framework. Initially, Hong Kong government Romanization framework not completely normalized as a framework and along these lines gangs an incredible test in spelling since huge numbers of the phonemes are like more than one letter mix or the other route round. Furthermore, In Hong Kong government Romanization framework, all tones and differentiations among unaspirated and suctioned stops are precluded and this prompts an incredible issue in spelling. Finally, there is presence of irregularities all through Hong Kong government Romanization framework because of loss of differentiations verifiably. That is, a differentiation among alveolar and palatal sounds making most consonants undistinguished in present-day discourse, needs tone marks, needs diacritics and various spellings once in a while utilized for the comparable phonemes.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Should You Use Elementary Student Essay Samples?

Should You Use Elementary Student Essay Samples?It is a sad fact that elementary students struggle when it comes to writing essays. If you are concerned that your child may be failing in this area, it is important to take steps to ensure that your child is not suffering academically. The first step to addressing this issue is to look at the options for using elementary student essay samples.You may be very familiar with sample essays. However, did you know that it is possible to take that same sample and transform it into a coherent argument? If you do not have the time or inclination to write your own essay, an option to consider is finding an essay provider who can create one for you for a fee.For those parents who are working adults, it is common knowledge that college costs continue to rise, even when the cost of living is decreasing. In order to save money and still pay for tuition, it is important to look at ways to use essay samples. If you find yourself dissatisfied with the amount of work required to prepare a final draft, why not try to hire a writing service to assist you in this task?If you are trying to avoid incurring too much financial stress, consider hiring an essay provider to help you find essay samples that will suit your needs. You will often hear about some of the most prestigious colleges having an essay lab. If you have the opportunity to spend time there, there is no reason why you should not take advantage of this service.For those who already attend college, this process tends to be a bit more complicated. At most, you will need to talk to a professor in order to get a recommendation for you to utilize the same sample. If you feel that your child may need this support, it is a good idea to look around and see what you can find.Essay writing can sometimes be overwhelming and it is easy to become overwhelmed. However, this can be avoided by providing the appropriate resources. This can include but is not limited to, essay samples, essay tips, essay editing, and advice on essay topics.The fact of the matter is that when you do the research you will discover that elementary student essay samples are often free. If you are able to find a free option, then you can start your research there. Take note of the high quality sample essays that you come across and you will be able to create your own.As long as you have access to the appropriate essay examples, you will be able to create the educational essays that you want. However, many people find that they need to get more assistance in order to create the best-looking and most informative assignments. Using an essay provider is a great way to get this help.

Monday, May 25, 2020

Love and Self in Kate Chopins The Awakening Essay

Love and Self in The Awakening Kate Chopins The Awakening is often said to triumph the exploration on the emotional and sexual needs of women, and the novel certainly is about that to a great extent, but even more importantly, it is a quest for individuality and the meaning of love. Through the protagonist, Edna Pontellier, Chopin describes in her novel one womans journey towards self-consciousness. Several stages of awakenings can be detected on the road, which are discussed in detail, along with the themes of romantic love, possession and an individual self. Darwinian theories are used to some extent to explore the nature of love and the meaning it had for Chopin. According to Bert Bender, Kate†¦show more content†¦According to Darwins study, however, usually the male is the more active member in the courtship of the sexes (p. 229). The female is less eager, even coy, and may often be seen endeavoring for a long time to escape from the male (p. 230). This eagerness and passion in the male is natural and even necessary, since the acquirement of such passions would naturally follow from the more eager leaving a larger number of offspring than the less eager. (p. 231). Sexual selection has a highly important part in differences between the sexes. Woman is more tender and unselfish, owing to her maternal instinct, and her mental powers are based on intuition, rapid perception and imitation. Man, on the other hand, is competitive and ambitious, which often leads to selfishness. He has attained greater eminence in deep though, reason, imagination and in using his senses and hands. Thus man has become ultimately superior to woman (Darwin, p. 585). Bender argues (p. 461) that Chopin found the general principles of Darwins natural and sexual selection reasonable and accepted the basic premises of the evolution theory. Chopin would not have been a rebel in her time, however, had she not rejected his so very Victorian ideas of natural female passivity and mens superiority over women. Here, says Bender, begins Chopins meditations on sexual selection and its implications for the meaning of love (p.Show MoreRelatedThe Unique Style Of Kate Chopin s Writing1603 Words   |  7 PagesThe unique style of Kate Chopin’s writing has influenced and paved the way for many female authors. Although not verbally, Kate Chopin aired political and social issues affecting women and challenging the validity of such restrictions through fiction. Kate Chopin, a feminist in her time, prevailed against the notion that a woman’s purpose was to only be a housewife and nothing more. Kate Chopin fortified the importance of women empowerment, se lf-expression, self-assertion, and female sexuality throughRead MoreKate Chopin s Literary Creativity And Women s Independence1097 Words   |  5 Pages Kate Chopin has become one of the most influential feminist writers of the century. From Chopin’s literary rejection of The Awakening, the rejection sparked a fire in Chopin’s feminist side. Chopin began writing short stories that would become society’s lead in literary creativity and women’s independence. Kate Chopin’s biography is astonishingly intriguing and the importance Chopin plays to the feminist literature genre is exceptional. Critics either rave Chopin’s work or completely destroy itRead MoreThe Awakening: An Emergence of Womens RIghts in the Late Nineteenth Century1330 Words   |  6 PagesThe Awakening: An Emergence of Women’s Rights in the Late Nineteenth Century Kate Chopin’s The Awakening addresses the role of women within society during the late nineteenth century. The novel is set in South Louisiana, a place where tradition and culture also play a vital role in societal expectations. The novel’s protagonist, Edna Pontellier, initially fulfills her position in society as a wife and as a mother while suppressing her urges to live a life of passion and freedom. Edna’s relationshipRead MoreEssay about Feminism in The Awakening986 Words   |  4 PagesIn the novel The Awakening, by Kate Chopin the critical approach feminism is a major aspect of the novel. According to dictionary.reference.com the word feminism means, â€Å"The doctrine advocating social, political, and all other rights of women equal to those of men.† The Awakening takes place during the late eighteen hundreds to early nineteen hundreds, in New Orleans. The novel is about Edna Pontellier and her family on a summer vacation. Edna, who is a wife an d mother, is inferior to her husbandRead MoreHow Did Kate Chopin Influence Literature949 Words   |  4 PagesKate Chopin’s distinct influence in literature Kate Chopin was an innovative influence for literature in the late 1800’s. Her stories and characters conflicted with the societal norms of inequality towards women. Women in the 1800’s were oppressed, and treated more like property than individuals. Living in the 1800’s as a woman meant they had no rights, or power to create a life of their own. The men, in that period of history, held all prestige positions; therefore, formed all of the laws, and socialRead MoreKate Chopin Literary Analysis793 Words   |  4 PagesKate Chopin was an innovative influence in literature in the late 1800’s. Her stories and characters conflicted with the societal norms of inequality towards women. Women in the 1800’s were oppressed, and treated more like property than individuals. Living in the 1800s as a woman meant they had no rights, or power to create a life of their own. The men, in that period of history, held all prestige positions, and formed the laws, and soc ial norms of that time. Kate Chopin, and other writers of herRead More Womens Issues in The Awakening by Kate Chopin, The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and Souls Belated by Edith Wharton1028 Words   |  5 PagesWomens Issues in The Awakening by Kate Chopin, The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and Souls Belated by Edith Wharton In comparing the three authors and the literary works of women authors Kate Chopin (1850 -1904), The Awakening, Charlotte Perkins Gilmans (1860-1935), The Yellow Wallpaper, and Edith Whartons (1862-1937) Souls Belated, a good number common social issues related to women are brought to light and though subtly pointed out are an outcry against the conventionsRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1135 Words   |  5 PagesHouse† by Henrik Ibsen, and the novel, The Awakening by Kate Chopin, the two protagonists named Nora Helmer and Edna Pontillier depict feminist ideals during the Victorian era in their struggle for independence, both sexually and emotionally. Nora and Edna are feminists in the late 1800s, trapped in an era and a society dictated by men. Both works parallel together and are significant because they show how Edna and Nora awaken, as their roles and self-realization progress in their respective familiesRead MoreKate Chopin and How the Feminist Movement Inspi red Her Writings1666 Words   |  7 PagesKate Chopin and How the Feminist Movement Inspired Her Writings Kate Chopin was an American author who wrote novels as well as short stories. Her work was extraordinary and some of her greatest work was based on the feminist movement. Kate Chopin became known throughout the world as one of the most influential writers during the feminist movement. She has attracted great attention from scholars along with students, and her work has been translated into many different languages. Kate Chopin wasRead MoreEssay about Kate Chopins Awakening is Not a Tragedy1321 Words   |  6 PagesKate Chopins Awakening is Not a Tragedy      Ã‚  Ã‚   When we think of a tragedy, thoughts of lost love and torments abound. The most human of emotions, sorrow, overwhelms us. We agonize over the tragedy, and the tragic figure. We lose sight of reality, enthralled by the suspense, captured by the Irony that, we know what plight lies ahead for the characters. We feel the suffering and the helplessness of the characters as the tragedy unwinds. Although Kate Chopins The Awakening

Friday, May 15, 2020

The Effects Of Water On Human Development - 1772 Words

Water is an essential element of life. It is essential for the health of people, well-being of the human and all social and economic activities as well as for the ecosystem functions of the earth (WWAP, 2012). Therefore, managing water need a spectrum of critical considerations from the control of the governments towards the centre of the society. Water is a source of energy in some countries, and also essential element of agriculture as well as industry, and I some countries it is a mode of transport. Further the role of water related ecosystems from flood control to water Purification and storm protection is well appreciated (IDA, 2015). The Millennium Development Goal (MDGs) agenda sets its target 7C based on the role of water on human development, which expects to halve the proportion of people who does not have access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation (UNESCO-IHP, 2015). According to the report it is evident that more than two billion people gained access to safe drinking water since 1990 and 116 countries have already met the MDG target on drinking water. Further four billion people that is more than half of global population now connected to piped born water at their homes (UNESCO-IHP, 2015). However, two out of every ten people living on this earth have no access to safe drinking water, four in ten have no access to basic latrine, and 3900 children die every day from water borne diseases worldwide (IDA, 2015). More than 748 million people living in ruralShow MoreRelatedHuman Dependence On The Tar Sands1580 Words   |  7 PagesHuman dependence on the tar sands will be monumental in the future with the end of conventional oil. The tar sands project in Alberta is currently one of the greatest industrial projects throughout human history. At this time, the oil sands in Alberta are the second largest producers of oil in the world. The oil sands in Alberta carry more than 170 billion barrels of oil, which is enough to sustain Canada s oil demand for more than 15 decades. However, oil sands development over the years has shownRead MoreThe Effects Of Air Pollution On The Environment Essay1198 Words   |  5 Pagesof economic development of the basic elements. With economic gr owth, population growth, rising living standards, human consumption of resources demand has been on the rise. As the majority of resources are limited and non-renewable, if the consumption pattern continues to follow, the recoverable reserves of resources will continue to decline, the sustainability of the supply of resources, will seriously endanger human survival and development. Environmental pollution will cause direct damage toRead MoreMicrobiological Impacts And Impact Of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals919 Words   |  4 Pagesfound in aquatic environment have a variety of harm effects on animals, humans and or the ecosystem in general, that can differ the hemostasis due to the elimination of natural occurring hormones in animals or human bodies when they interfere with the synthesis and transportation of hormones that are responsible for growth, development and behavior. (A. Snyder, 2003) On the other hand, we have micropollutants that can found in aquatic and waste water systems which contain residues from industrial pharmaceuticalRead MoreUse Of Phase Of Building A Largest Stage That Impacts Environment During The Life Cycle1583 Words   |  7 Pagescan full evaluate the impacts during extraction of raw materials, material creation, sale, maintenance, disposal or recycling, also global warming, air pollution, water pollution and other index. Thereby more effectively improving environmental performance is to achieve green building. LCA will provide the support of data on saving water, energy, material and other indicators. Based on LCA gradually promote the use of the Environment Product Declaration (EPD), this declaration will serve as a businessRead MoreEnvironmental Pollution And Its Effects On The Environment1311 Words   |  6 PagesEnvironmental pollution harm has two main aspects: 1. Heat island effect from the perspective of the geographical circulation of heat, because the night lighting caused unnecessary energy loss (including generating heat loss and lighting loss), is bound to increase electric effect throughout the city, thereby exacerbating urban heat island effect. ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT Introduction. In this area, we will discuss about energy savings, land savings, water savings and environment protection. For the energy savingsRead MoreEnvironmental Effects On Animals897 Words   |  4 Pagesendocrine system in the human and animal populations. (Leschik, 2010) Thus, these chemicals are often known to be agents that are foreign to an organism system, a xenobiotic. (Trachsel, 2008) EDCs have a handful of harm effects on animals, humans and the ecosystem in general, which differs in the way they are regulated due to hormones that naturally occur in animals or human bodies being eliminated when they start interfering with how the hormones responsible for growth, development and behavior are beingRead MoreHow The Building Is The Largest Stage That Impacts Environment During The Life Cycle1585 Words   |  7 Pagescan full evaluate the impacts during extraction of raw materials, material creation, sale, maintenance, disposal or recycling, also global warming, air pollution, water pollution and other index. Thereby more effectively improving environmental performance is to achieve green bu ilding. LCA will provide the support of data on saving water, energy, material and other indicators. Based on LCA gradually promote the use of the Environment Product Declaration (EPD), this declaration will serve as a businessRead MoreDam Building : The Magnificent Engineering Edifices Left On The Landscape1058 Words   |  5 PagesThe human problems appear as monumental as the magnificent engineering edifices left on the landscape; but, without consideration of the human factor, great dams simply make great ruins (Dupree 1980, Carta 2015). With the development of technologies and resources that help an economy’s growth, dam-building has been a primary focus in many countries around the world. Dams create reservoirs, whose water in turn is used for agricultural irrigation, within the industrial sector, and also as human consumptionRead MoreHow The Atmosphere Is A Complex Fluid System Outside Earth1693 Words   |  7 Pages 1 The atmosphere is a complex fluid system outside Earth from a variety of gases and suspended solids consisting of participation in life activities are under long-term development and formation. The main components of the Earth s atmosphere is nitrogen and oxygen, the nine planets in the solar system composition is very special. Composition of the global atmosphere more of the ingredients can be divided into stable and unstable constituent components. The former include nitrogen, oxygenRead MoreThe Effects Of Chemicals On Our Daily Lives1216 Words   |  5 Pagesto the chemicals. Daphnia Magna is water flea that is used in experiments that record the mortality rate and the fertility rate. When placed in a plastic container containing BPA or BPS the Daphnia Magna will have a greater reproduction rate and a higher rate of development. Bisphenol A is a chemical that is produced in the production of chemicals. Plastics that contain BPA are food and drink packaging such as baby bottles. The main exposure for BPA in humans is through food. Many marine organisms

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Explain the Differences Between Criminologists,...

Kevin Penn American Intercontinental University Unit 1 Individual Project CRJS105 –1103b-04 Theories of Crime Causation August 28,2011 Abstract In this paper I will explain the differences between Criminologists, Criminalists, and Forensic psychologists and what is the difference in their disciplines of expertise. As well as looking at blue collar crime vs. white collar crime, how they are reported and measured by the FBI in their uniformed crime reporting. Also how blue collar crime is much more popular culture by the media. And finally the difference between a index- one and index- two crime under the UCR, as well as which index-one crimes are violent crimes and which ones†¦show more content†¦Criminal investigation can often use the profilers information to eliminate the number of suspects. The Criminalist uses the forensic science laboratory to use the collected evidence by investigators in order to deliver scientifically accurate results. Psychological profilers can use information gathered at the crime scene to help understand the behavior and personality of a possible offender. These results can put an investigation in the right direction for Police. Although there is no legal importance or meaning in the differences between white-collar crime and blue-collar crime, it is but a term that used to identify what has become to be known as â€Å"clean and dirty crimes†. According to legal law dictionary â€Å"those illegal acts which are characterized by deceit, concealment, or violation of trust and which are not dependent upon the application or threat of physical force or violence(Free dictonary;nd). We have seen in the past that white collar crimes are usually those types of crimes that deal with different types of fraud like securities, healthcare and tax evasion although it’s not limited to just these types of crimes (MOJO;nd). The term â€Å"White collar crime was coined in 1939 by Edwin Sutherland who stated; â€Å"crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation.(Mojo;n.d.). White collar crime is viewed as b eing moreShow MoreRelatedCrime and Forensic Psychology1117 Words   |  5 Pageslacking with regard to the entire field of criminology, the differences between blue-collar and white-collar crime, and the general perception of the incidence of crime in the United States. You are asked, as the public relations representative of your police department, to provide an information session on the field of criminology.  The expectation is to make sure the public understands the facts of law enforcement and to differentiate between the fictions presented in different media outlets.   Please

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

African American Female Rappers History. free essay sample

African American Female Rappers American culture, being traditionally perceived as quite liberal and democratic, Is In fact paralyzed by the overwhelming power of stereotypes which shape the current image of culture at large and its industries, including music, in particular. Even the most innovative and advanced movements turn to be submitted to the canons of the ideology that dominates in American culture. Unfortunately, such a situation does not contribute to the development of really free, liberal and focused on spiritual, moral and intellectual progress of the consumers of the culture. Probably one of the most Interesting, new and, unfortunately, typical example of the domination of stereotypes In American culture Is the development of female black rap music, which has become particularly intensive in sass and is still quite dynamically developing.At first glance black female rap music should be free from traditional stereotypes, it should be innovative and contributing to black female emancipation and increasing the role of black females in the society at large but, in actuality, the situation is absolutely different. Despite the fact that many female rappers pretend to be unique at evolving the new Image of a free and Independent black female, It turns to be that practically all of them, or at least the most popular of them, are Ideologically dependent on the male dominance in proper and figurative sense of this word. It means that as a rule black female rappers tend to create an image which can be well accepted by the wide audience and which is created on the basis of the dominating ideology in American culture, notably in American rap music that is characterized by the male dominance and the role of a black female Is so to say secondary or subordinated to a male.As a result, Instead of a new Image of a black female that could be Independent and free of male dominance, rap music Industry and the audience have got a negative image of a black female, or an image of a black female that tends to underline her sexuality. The role and images of black female rappers in American rap music industry Speaking about black female rappers, it should be pointed out that their role and the impact on the development of the culture of African Americans and American culture at large should not be underestimated.Regardless the fact that many of black female rappers were created due to the male papers they still cont ributed to the progress of rap music industry and introduced something new and founded a basis for further development of rap music among black females on the professional level. The development of black female rappers as a strong power in rap music and culture has started in sass and nowadays it is still popular and interesting.Black female rappers may be viewed differently but their importance for music and culture cannot be denied. At this respect It should be pointed out that many cultural and music critics praise raps role as an educational LOL, point out that black women rappers are examples of aggressive pro;women lyricists in popular music, and defend raps ghetto stories as real life reflections that should draw attention to the burning of racism and economic oppression, rather than to question of obscenity (Rose 1994, 1). At the same time, on analyzing the development of black female rappers, it should be said there could be clearly defined Initially, black female rappers had to wear the same clothes as men, curse with the same intonation, and adopt a harsh mentality that didnt place much value on Minnie instincts (Nelson 1998, 188) that was actually a natural consequence of male domination in rap music and culture at large. On the other hand, later a new trend has become popular.Black females broke ground using sex or feminine image which was deliberately underlined. As Nelson George points out, most commercially successful female group (and one of raps bestselling act of any gender) began as slightly chubby B-girls who have evolved into glamour girls, and have been talking about sex since 1986 (1998, 185). Quite noteworthy is the fact that many female rappers used similar themes in their songs.Nonetheless, it is impossible to objectively evaluate the role of black female rappers without analysis of the work of the most outstanding black female rappers. One of the most popular and well known black female rappers, whose contribution in the development of rap music is undoubted, is Dana Owens, better known as Queen Latish. By the way her adapted Arabic name Latish is quite symbolic and means beautiful, sensitive, kind. She became popular in 1989 with her hit single Ladies First.According to Monica Lynch, the Tommy Boy executive who put Latish on, the song signaled the empowerment of new breed of female Macs (Hip Hop Divas 2001, 52). In fact this song arrived quite in time because it came at a period in rap when many female rappers were Just disusing one another but not doing the same to their sexist male counterparts. In such a situation her album All Hail was not a sort of an album traditional for black female rappers of that time but it was an album of a woman who was not afraid to confront sexist and disrespectful behavior.As the matter of fact, Queen Latish has managed to put the right messages at the right time for, as many critics underlined, the topic f empowerment for the ladies made a big impact on many socially, including capturing the attention of hip-hop Journalists debating and documentin g the female perspective (Hip Hop Divas 2001, 53). Moreover, her trend to underline female independence and equality often provoked discussions about her heterosexuality and often she was asked whether she was a gay or not. However, Queen Latish was not very successful from commercial point of view for she has got only one gold record but financial side of the business was obviously not the most important in her contribution to the development of black female rap music. In fact she is an excellent example of positive female representation in rap music since her image is traditionally perceived as positive. As Trench said she represents black women power. Thats why all the ladies were behind her whether they were rap fans or not (Hip Hop Ladies 2001, 56).Unfortunately, Queen Latish is a rare exception with her social and spiritual aims superior to financial ones which were basic for the vast majority of black female rappers later. Another significant personality among black female rappers is Sister Goulash. In fact she is a very gifted person who managed to apply her talent and knowledge in different fields though she is traditionally thought of as a controversial American hip-hop generation author, acti vist, recording artist, and film producer (Collins 2000, 221). Obviously her talent as a rapper was probably the most significant in her life.It was she who was the female voice of hip-hop formation Public Enemy and her first solo album 360 Degrees of Power was released controversial person, for instance, on commenting the Los Angels riots, she said quite a provoking phrase: If black people kill black people every day, why not have a eek and kill white people? (Collins 2000, 222). This statement, being severely criticized by the President Bill Clinton, inspired the creation of the first Sister Goulash moment. However, in late sass she basically focused on her literary career and published her autobiography No Disrespect (1995) and the novel The Coldest Winter Ever (1999).Nonetheless, in her work both as a rapper and as a writer she raised disturbing problems of racial inequality, which sometimes simply overshadow another problem the problem of equality and ruin of stereotypes concerning black females. Nonetheless, Sister Goulash represents rel atively new generation of black female rappers while there is a very important figure in the black female movement, which produced a very serious impact on the development of rap music at large and its female branch in particular, and she is MAC Late. Actually she is one of the major black female rappers. Moreover, she was the first who received the gold album. She started her music career very early when she was only 12 and soon after that she signed a contract with First Priority that was obviously a great success for a young African American girl. Naturally she continued her career and she released her debut album Late as a Rock in 1988 when she was 17 only. It was really a great success but what was really important for her and for black female rappers was the fact that it was a good example for other black female rappers to follow.At the same time, there was also a great danger in it because in such an age she could hardly realism the importance of the message she gave to the audience while her commercial success was not less significant than her success as a rapper. The years to follow she managed to make a guest appearance on a remix of Sinned OConnor l ants your hands on me, which became a dance hit. In sass she continued to release her albums. It is quite noteworthy that she collaborated with other black female rappers such as Missy Elliott Cold Rock a Party.Naturally, her work and her success could not remain unmarked and in December 2004 she was inducted as an honorary member into Sigma Gamma RYO Sorority Inc. In such a way, MAC Late contributed greatly to the development of black female rappers and achieved great results at the very young age. As for her collaborator, Missy Elliott, she was also a very significant personality in the black female rapper music. Actually, she is one of the first female hip hop superstars. Among her hits may be named The Rain (Sups Dupe Fly), Shes a Pitch, Get OUR Freak On, Lose Control, and Work It.Quite remarkably she started as a singer and songwriter in an RB group called Assist though it should be emphasized that her friend Timothy DC Timmy Tim, the producer of her group produced a significant impact on her creative work and her image. Then she continued her career cooperating with Swing Mob, and later Timberland. Elliot and Timberland crafted hit singles for a number of artists between 1995-1997. As a solo paper, Elliott began her career as a featured vocalist on Gina Thompson The Things You Do and MAC Lets 1996 single Cold Rock a Party.Her debut album was released in 1997, was Sups Dupe Fly, a blockbuster hit that established Missy Elliott as a major force in popular music. It is very important that Sups Dupe Fly was accepted positively by critics though some critics commented that the album tracks, were far inferior to the singles (Sexton 1995, 257). 1997 was marked by Elliott perform on Ill Skims girl-power anthem, a hit remix of her song, Not Tonight that obviously underlined her music work as a black female rapper.The next year, she continued her successful music career by writing and producing Totals single Tripping. Missy Elitists second album, Dad Real World (1999) was Just as successful as the first as well as Miss E So Addictive in 2001. In fact she is very productive and among the albums which were successful may be also named Under Construction (2002), This Is Not a Test (2003), The Cookbook (2005) and she still remains to be popular so that Missy Elliott is still as widely recognized and respected by her peers, mainstream, and underground as ever (Cheney 2005, 410).Moreover, her achievements and success were rewarded and in November 2005, Missy Elliott won Best Female Hip Hop Artist at the 2005 American Music Awards, defeating, by the way, Ill Kim, another famous black female rapper. However, her success was great, but the quality of her work was probably sacrificed for the sake of commercial success. In such a way commerce has started to prevail over the message the black female rapper, namely Missy Elliott, conveyed to the audience.This trend has become even more obvious in the creative work of Ill Kim who was probably the most commercially successful of all females in the rap industry. On the other hand, Ill Kim was the best at selling the sex image. It is very important to underline that she was introduced to the hip-hop community via the all-male crew Junior Mafia and with a successful introduction in place and her mentor/lover The Notorious B. I. G. Right behind her, Kim locked down the rap world from many (female) competitors for a very long time (Evans 1994, 216). On analyzing her work, it is easy to realize that Ill Kim exploited sexuality to create an image of sweetheart that was to a significant extent the result of her personal need to be loved. It is a well-known fact that Kim left mom too soon and this is why she had to hustle men in order to support herself. At that time I always had a man to take care of me she remembers. Sometimes, if I thought I could get some money out of a guy, Id sleep with. And I got kind caught in that mentality (Hip Hop Divas 2001, 133).Soon she starts transporting drugs lives to boyfriend to boyfriend, learning hard lessons, getting betrayed (Hip Hop Divas 2001 , 133). Naturally all these facts from her biography reflected in her creative work and her image where sexuality was particularly significant, while morality obviously played a secondary role after commercial success. Despite this fact, she was very popular and her debut on Junior Mafias Players Anthem left many rap fans captivated with her raw style and lyrical abilities.When her first album was released she was characterized as the dopiest female MAC thats coming out ever (Hip Hop Divas 2001, 134). It is very important that, being an outstanding black female rapper, Ill Kim was supported by her boyfriend and male rapper Biggie who gave her a lot of help, though mainly at the beginning of her career. But even though his role has started to decline, when the real success has come, the death of Biggie produced a ere serious impact on her creative work and she delayed the release of her second album The Notorious for three years.These facts underline the role of male in the progress of black female rappers career and the emphasis on sexuality in Ill Skims career and her image are extremely contrasting to what Queen Laths promotion of unique and there has been no female solo artists before as succes sful as Kim in being raw and doing exactly what male rappers have done to be successful. At the same time, she revealed that black female rappers tend to give the audience the mage which is to a significant extent stereotyped and black female independence promoted in sass is gradually replaced by striving for commercial success by all means.In such a way, black female rappers being significantly similar to each other possess their unique characteristics and in general they played an important role in the development of rap music though their image as well as the message they convey to the audience were and remain to be quite controversial. Feminists discourse in rap music To fully realism the controversial character of black female rappers it is necessary to analyses in details their messages and their feminists discourse, which they represent in their creative work.In fact there may be singled out two main trends in the image and style of black female rappers. On the one hand, there are female rappers which attempt to imitate their male counterparts they Just tend to be like male rappers, wearing similar clothes, using similar language and style. On the other hand, there are black female rappers which are sometimes defined as a fly-girl leading a very sexually active lifestyle and promoting this image, which becomes their second nature, to the audience.Among such black female rappers may be named MAC Late and Ill Kim. It should be underlined that often, especially in sass, black female rappers were playing in the sexist arena but the promotion of a black female as an independent female who can live her own way withou t males influence and support was quite rare and sometimes resulted in discussions concerning sexual orientation of a rapper as it was in the case of Queen Latish described above.In contrast, many black female rappers were often harsher to one another than to male rappers that naturally did not contributed to the promotion of a positive image of black female rappers at large. Furthermore, an important role for black female rappers played the female audience because, as one of the rappers singled out women will be your worst critics, but also your biggest fans. The first group of people you goat get are the women.You cant do that by dismissing, and you cant do it by threatening them (Hip Hop Divas 2001 , 34). In such a situation, it was strategically important to gain respect and popularity among female audience first that cannot be fully done by black female rappers through disusing one another. These were the trends that were typical for sass though present in sass but what has really become the main trend ring sass was the increased role of commercial success, which overshadowed all other aspects of black female rappers creative work.In such a situation get rich mentality that has begun to dominate rap music, many artists lose consciousness of the art and will sell garbage in exchange for money (Collins 2000, 348). Unfortunately, many black female rapp ers simply forgot what their life was like before success had come. As a result the negative image of black female image was promoted by black female rappers and the situation has hardly changed since sass when the black female rappers movement got started to be particularly significant. Moreover, in sass the situation became even worse.The primary concern they were contributing to and continue to do so is making money regardless moral aspects, image. Such a situation is particularly dramatic because many black female rappers exploit sexuality and sexual image and often these females possess good rhyming skills that were hidden behind pornographic talk because this is what their mentors were producing (Evans 1994, 303). Furthermore, the negative image that is promoted is not the only drawback of black female rappers concerning feminism and emancipation of black female in American society and culture.The fact, which has already been underlined above, that many of them started at a very young age resulted in the lack of consciousness of their mission as representatives of pop music, of art and primarily as representatives of probably the most deprived part of American society black females which, in order to be really independent and equal to other members of society, have to use all opportunities to promote their positive image, not negative one.Naturally as teenagers, these young black female rappers were mainly concerned with the money they were making than with the image they ere portraying and they could hardly be aware of black feminist movement or womanish ideology. At the same time it was quite natural that their discourse and the message they send to their audience was significantly influenced by surrounding reality and mass culture, which, as it has been already emphasized, were full of stereotypes and there were a lot of prejudices concerning black female and their image.Moreover being too young, they could not think absolutely independently. This is why they tended to create the image the audience traditionally expected from them such as exaggerated sexuality and basically negative image. In such a situation there remained little or even no room for feminist ideology and wider representation of real black female image, which was significantly different from stereotyped view on them.In other words, they did not fully realism the opportunity to change public opinion in relation to black females, on the contrary they only reinforced the negative image mistakenly perceived by the vast majority of the audience as traditional and typical for bla ck females. Probably because of their age they could not act otherwise but at the same time it is necessary to realism that such a situation has not gone to he past.Moreover, now the black female rappers discourse tends to be far from what may be treated as really feminist discourse oriented on the protection and promotion of rights of black females, in contrast sexuality and servile emphasis on the audiences stereotypes are promoted and what is even worse new black female rappers choose such an image and use similar discourse over and over again. As a result portraying controlling images, being ruinous for black female rappers as representatives of black feminist movement, are getting to be more and more popular and widely spread nowadays.The dominant sexual and racial ideologies in American culture A logical question that arises, when the situation with black female rappers is analyzed, is the question concerning the reasons of such a discourse which obviously lacks feminists promotion and is rather subordinated to stereotypes. In addition to the reasons mentioned in previous chapter, it should be said that black female rappers willingly or not are a part of American culture and consequently they are subordinated to the dominant ideologies which are accepted by the vast majority of American society and which, in fact, they should change but currently they fail to.It is an undeniable fact that the dominant sexual and racial ideologies in American female rappers had to obey to these ideologies in order to gain popularity of t he possibly wider audience but, on the other hand, it is necessary to realize that by doing so they can hardly gain real respect neither the audience at large nor black females in particular.Speaking about the dominant ideologies it is necessary to clearly realize that they are developed and belong to white males and the changes that got started in American society are too slow to change the dominant ideology somehow. Naturally, in such a situation, black female rappers has a little choice to do and their choice in favor of popularity, even though it weakens dramatically black female movement, is quite pragmatic and natural.It is noteworthy to refer to George Nelson who estimated that for much of hip-hops history, it has been a truism that the male rap consumer, white and black, simply wont accept females (1998, 185). In fact rap has always been considered a private and male dominant space. This is why at the beginning it was extremely difficult for black female rappers to gain success ND the breakthrough made in mid-sass was particularly significant.Remarkably, this breakthrough coincided with the work of such a black female rapper as Queen Latish who was probably the most eager rapper who striver for promotion of an image of a black female different from standardized and this image was obviously very successful for her as an artist but not in commercial aspect. However, such a position of Queen Latish and to a certain extent similar to her MAC Late led to their severe critique and it is significant that the females who get the most respect in hip- pops primarily male domain Queen Latish and MAC Late are relentlessly dogged by rumors that they are lesbians.Whether these rumors are true or not, the message is evident: a female cant be tough or strong or clear or exceptionally skillful at hip- h op unless she has sacrificed the thing that makes her a real girl (Smith 1995, 127). Furthermore, as Iatric Rose estimates, such female rappers often felt that they were being used as a political baton to beat male rappers over the head, rather than being affirmed as women who could open up public dialogue to interrogate sexism and its effect on young black women (1994, 150).Naturally, it is impossible to speak about equality and independence of black female rappers and their creative work since, being few compared to the mass of male rappers, they could hardly change stereotypes and dominant ideologies in a day, a year or even a decade because as a rule they have been viewed as interlopers either butch anomalies or cute novelties who by some fluke infiltrated a boys game (Light 1999, 177). On facing such a resistance, from the part of the mass audience influenced by the dominant sexual ND racial ideologies in American culture black female rappers, as one of them Kid-N- Play said, have to work twice as hard [as males] to get half the credit (Rose 1994, 146). As a result, it is not surprising that many black female rappers are harsher to one another than to male rappers that may be also explained by low number of black female rappers compared to males and by their intention to please the predominantly male audience for the sake of commercial success.This often led to limiting female rap songs to verbal catfish and the typical battle of the sexes, especially in sass. Furthermore, it should be pointed out that since sass there have been two main ways on which black female rappers could achieve success. On the one hand, there is the l am as tough and as good Just as the next man role but have chosen it are the most respected.On the other hand, there is an alternative that t he majority of black female rappers have chosen and nowadays it gets to be more and more popular, is simply to sell sexual images that is not surprising because it is acceptable by the dominating male ideology in the industry for that sex sells is the first axiom of advertising, and sexual ads are everywhere. And in order to titillate a sexually Jaded society, you have to push the boundaries. You have to be a bit more brazen than the last hot little number, a little more edgy (Bradford et al. 1999, 72) and this is exactly what many of black female rappers are currently doing to be successful. Unfortunately, the dominant sexual and racial ideologies in American culture result in the situation when portraying African-American women as stereotypical mummies, matriarchs, welfare recipients, and hot mommas helps Justify US black womens oppressionThese controlling images are designed to make schism, sexism, poverty, and other forms of social injustice appear to be natural, normal, and inevitable parts of everyday life (Collins 2000, 70). Moreover, often black female rappers are portrayed as hutchies since men allowed many of them to rap. Hutchies is a term used by Joan Morgan in her book When Chickenhearted Come Home to Roost (2000) and it signifies women who use sex to get what they want from men. An example of such a type of black female rappers is Ill Kim.Consequently, the controlling image of black females becomes more and more widely spread and in unreal it is influenced by the dominant sexual and racial ideologies in which males play the main role and the desire to achieve commercial success force black females to create images the most attractive for the wide audience but unfortunately it results in the creation of an extremely negative image of black female that is very dangerous for the progress of black feminist movement.Conclusion: the future of black females in American rap music Thus, taking into considerations all above mentioned, it is possible to presuppose the future of black females in American culture at large and rap music in particular. The recent trends in the development of black female rap ar e quite disturbing, particularly an unparalleled centralization of the industry, but it is necessary to point out that the similar trends are typical not only for females but for males as well as for other industries of pop culture.Nonetheless, this trend is basically the result of male dominated ideology that makes the progress of black female rappers not as effective as it could be. Furthermore, the perspective development of black female rap music would probably enhance this trend that would naturally lead to further exploitation of sexual images that would to improve the general image of black females which is now rather negative, according to the current images of black female rappers. On the other hand, there is still some room for hope to change the negative image of black females would eventually vanish due to the creation of new image of a real black female which has nothing in common that conservative and stereotypical dominant male ideologies tend to promote. Fortunately, this presupposition is not purely hypothetical but, on the contrary, it is quite realizable and the growing number of black female rappers is significant evidence in favor of such a perspective.

Sunday, April 12, 2020

Theoretical Construct and Issue for Sweden Different Facets of Homogeneous Society and Cultural Hegemony

Sweden is a country with a long history which is now regarded as one of the world’s â€Å"most advanced nations in terms of politics, social welfare, gender equality, standard of living, technology, the arts, and participation in regional and global developments† (Nordstrom 1).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Theoretical Construct and Issue for Sweden: Different Facets of Homogeneous Society and Cultural Hegemony specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This country was also characterized by homogenous population throughout centuries, but increasing immigration which took place in the twentieth century has changed the demographic situation in the country. Nevertheless, Swedish culture and Swedish values are still being promulgated in the country. However, according to Witoszek and Trà ¤gà ¥rdh cultural hegemony in Sweden has led to many issues concerning minorities living in the country (196). In the contemporary globalized world many argue that homogeneity can be the clue to cultural sustainability, but sometimes hegemony of culture can lead to various unexpected outcomes. In this paper I argue that cultural hegemony in Sweden led to such negative outcomes as development of extreme forms of nationalism which threatened democracy in the country and led to numerous acts of violence. Therefore, in the first place, I will touch upon peculiarities of cultural hegemony in Sweden and its origins and then I will consider examples of negative outcomes of cultural hegemony in Sweden. As has been mentioned above Sweden was homogenous for a long time. Swedish homogeneity is the major background for the hegemony of Swedish culture. Admittedly, there were the necessary premises to develop such notion as â€Å"Swedishness† (Grà ¶ndahl 22). Sweden culture is based on such â€Å"typical Swedish values like equality, self-criticism, worship of nature† (Gustavsson 503). It is necessary to add that Swedish homogeneity was also possible due to the impact of religion, since the majority of adult population of the country pertain to Lutheran Church and, thus, share the same values (Berggren 573). More so, Sweden is one of those few countries which were not threatened by external attacks (Hjerm). When considering Swedish cultural homogeneity it is important to mention that the country enjoyed political, social and economical stability throughout centuries since after the rapid development in the times of the industrial revolution the country did not have periods of serious economical crisis.Advertising Looking for research paper on rhetoric? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, this favorable tendency was interrupted in the 1990s when Sweden faced serious economic recession (Hjerm). It goes without saying that economic constraints influence cultural development of the country. Admittedly, in combina tion with immigration these economical issues can result in the development of extreme nationalism which is one of possible negative outcomes of cultural hegemony. As far as immigration in Sweden is concerned it is necessary to point out that after World War II â€Å"an influx of refugees and labor immigrants took place† (Grà ¶ndahl 22). There were two other major influxes which took place in 1960s and 1980s. Immigrants who came to Sweden were of Finnish and Kurdish origins (Grà ¶ndahl 22). It is necessary to point out that Swedish always had negative attitude toward immigrants which can be explained by their long-lasting homogeneity. In simple words, these people were not accustomed to multinational environment, so they still divided their society in Swedish and others. A number of surveys prove that statement. Thus, the survey held in 1969 revealed the prevalent negative attitude towards immigrants among â€Å"people with little formal education and among the working cla ss†, and among elderly people (Westin 189). Only young people and people who travelled a lot did not reveal negative attitude towards immigrants. The following survey held in 1981 revealed the same results, but the rate of people who positively viewed immigrants was higher, though the negative attitude prevailed. These findings were explained by the fact that young people â€Å"replaced† elderly people (Westin 189). However, the following surveys held in 1987, 1990, and 1993 revealed that the public opinion changed and the number of people who did not oppose immigration decreased dramatically, instead â€Å"xenophobic and racist attitudes† emerged (Westin 189). It is important to note that this was the period of economic recession which, as has been stated above, plays quite considerable role in shaping cultural development. In such periods people start paying more attention to their cultural heritage promulgating ideas of cherishing the past. Admittedly, cultura l â€Å"revival and mobilization occur when the existence of a community or region is threatened† (Ekman 281). It can be expected that in Sweden this process should be held in terms of their major values concerning democracy, religion and equality.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Theoretical Construct and Issue for Sweden: Different Facets of Homogeneous Society and Cultural Hegemony specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, it is necessary to add that often cultural hegemony can result in the development of such negative subcultures as extreme nationalism. In Sweden where the major values are equality and democracy many young (and elderly) people speak of their ethnic supremacy over immigrants, people who have other origins, i.e. â€Å"others†. This can be explained by the fact that †¦subordinated groups offer resistance to the hegemony of elite culture; they create subaltern popular cultures and contest for a voice in the dominant public sphere. (qtd. in Martin and Nakayama 312) In times when no economical or political constraint occur, the subordinated groups may reveal their protests via music, looks (punk, Goths, etc.). However, when difficult economical conditions influence people’s well-being the protest can acquire extreme forms. Thus, within Swedish culture which promulgates equality, there appear subcultures which promulgate equality among chosen, people of Swedish origin. Therefore, long-lasting cultural hegemony when threatened by appearance of other cultures resulted in numerous cases of violence. Reportedly, the cases of racial violence have increased dramatically during recent years (than 3,000 cases in 2001) (Larsson 4). However, this subculture though has been developing rapidly did not transform into hegemony, and remained within the limits of sub-cultural status. It is possible to get a closer look at the peculiarities of such subcultur es considering the activities of white power movement in Sweden. White power movement is neo-fascist movement which promulgates the supremacy of white race, as opposed to other races and ethnicities (Eyerman 456). White power movement is quite powerful in Sweden. However, to estimate the rate of neo-fascist and extreme nationalistic views it is possible to consider popularity of white power music in the country. Admittedly, those who listen to this music and attend concerts are not necessarily people ready for violent actions, but they are supporters of the sub-culture which promulgates ideas of Swedish supremacy. White power music includes such musical styles as â€Å"country music, folk music, Viking music, black metal or hard-core rock, with some overlap with punk† (Eyerman451). Notably, this subculture has a lot in common with elite culture since it is also based on cultural heritage, i.e. folk songs and music. According to Swedish Council for Crime Prevention Sweden is o ne of the leaders of white power music production worldwide (Eyerman 451). More than 5,000 participants were registered in the recent concert of the white power music.Advertising Looking for research paper on rhetoric? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Interestingly, there are 1,500-2,000 core activists within this movement, and the number of sympathizers can hardly be estimated (Eyerman 451). It is important to note that the majority of core activists are males between 25 and 35 years old. They have households and children. The number of female members gradually increases. Thus, the movement’s core activists are not teenagers who only want to reveal their protest to the power. These are people who have some experience and can critically evaluate situation in the country and shape their outlines. The movement was developed several decades ago and became a significant subculture. The development of technology contributed greatly to the spread of the white power music and ideas. Thus, people could visit an official website and find out about the movement more information, and consequently join the subculture. However, increased number of violent actions implemented by neo-fascist organizations made Swedish government and medi a respond (Eyerman 456). Public opinion was against any violence, even though many shared the same negative attitude towards ethnic minorities. Thus, neo-fascist organizations were declared illegal, so this subculture became marginal and more covert. Interestingly, Eyerman provides an explanation for the fact that this subculture was suppressed by those in power. He states that a commonly recognized aspect of Swedish political culture is the role of organized political parties, in absorbing and institutionalizing political protest. The role and relationship of the parties in other words, are central to any emergent collective action. (Eyerman 457) In terms of Intercultural Communication Theory it is possible to restate the same statement in the following way: cultural hegemony in Sweden did not let neo-fascist subculture develop since the latter used too extreme ways of communicating ideas. Thus, when considering cultural hegemony in Sweden it is possible to observe the peculiarity of cultural hegemony (on the whole) which is often characterized by, so to speak, dualistic nature. On one hand, it leads to creation of various subcultures since people pertaining to the culture can oppose some of its values (in case with Swedish neo-fascist organizations did not support the value of equality). On the other hand, cultural hegemony prevents subcultures from further development because the majority of people (those pertaining to elite culture) long to preserve their values. In conclusion, it is possible to state that cultural hegemony in Sweden had some negative outcomes. Numerous acts of violence committed by activists of neo-fascist organizations which formed a certain subculture threatened the order established in the country. However, it is important to point out that the development of extreme nationalistic sub-cultures took place in the period of economical and political constraints. Admittedly, in the times of flourishing cultural hegemony led to unity of the entire nation. As a result, Swedish culture has preserved its historical heritage due to the cultural hegemony. Therefore, cultural hegemony is favorable for the development of any society. However, it is important to be careful and interrupt the development of dangerous subcultures when it is still possible to diminish their influence. Admittedly, Swedish people only start making their first steps in international communication. The process is lengthy and quite complicated. Nevertheless, Swedish culture which promulgates eternal values will make it possible to complete the process successfully. Works Cited Berggren, Niclas. â€Å"Rhetoric or Reality? An Economic Analysis of the Effect of Religion in Sweden.† Journal of Socio-Economics 26.6 (2002): 571-596. Ekman, Ann-Kristin. â€Å"The Revival of Cultural Celebrations in Regional Sweden. Aspeccts of Tradition and Transition.† Sociologia Ruralis 39.3 (1999): 280-293. Eyerman, Ron. â€Å"Music in Movement: Cultural Pol itics and Old and New Social Movements.† Qualitative Sociology 25.3 (2002): 443-458. Grà ¶ndahl, Satu. â€Å"Identity Politics and Construction of ‘Minor’ Literatures: Multicultural Swedish Literature at the Turn of the Millennium.† Multiethnica 30 (2007): 21-29. Gustavsson, Bengt. â€Å"Human Values in Swedish Management.† Management Communication Quarterly 24.4 (2010): 503-528. Hjerm, Mikael. â€Å"Reconstructing â€Å"Positive† Nationalism: Evidence from Norway and Sweden.† Sociological Research Online 3.2 (1998): n. pag. Web. Larsson, Stieg. â€Å"A Study on Racially Motivated Crime and Violence in Sweden.† National Focal Point of the European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia September (2002): 1-46.  Expo.se. Web. Martin, Judith N., and Thomas K. Nakayama. Intercultural Communication in Contexts, 5/e. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield Publishing Company, 2010. Nordstrom, Byron J. The History of Sweden. Westport, CT: Gr eenwood Publishing Group, 2002. Westin, Charles. â€Å"Neo-Nazism in a Welfare State: The Example of Sweden.† Journal of Conflict and Violence Research 2.2 (2000): 184-206. Witoszek, Nina and Lars Trà ¤gà ¥rdh. Culture and Crisis: The Case of Germany and Sweden. New York, NY: Berghahn Books, 2002. This research paper on Theoretical Construct and Issue for Sweden: Different Facets of Homogeneous Society and Cultural Hegemony was written and submitted by user Karlee Parrish to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tuesday, March 10, 2020

How to Make Pure Sand

How to Make Pure Sand Sand that you find on a beach or a playground is a mixture of minerals and organic matter. Pure sand, which is silicon dioxide or silica, is a chemical you may not encounter. However, you can make pure sand yourself quite easily: Ingredients for Sand sodium silicate (make it yourself)sodium bisulfatewater Make Sand Mix together 5 ml sodium silicate solution and 5 ml water.In a separate container, stir 3.5 grams sodium bisulfate into 10 mL of water. Keep stirring until the sodium bisulfate dissolves.Mix the two solutions together. The resulting gel that forms at the bottom of the liquid is orthosilicic acid.Place the orthosilicic acid into a heat-safe glass or porcelain dish and heat it over a burner flame for about 5 minutes. The orthosilicic acid dries to form silicon dioxide, SiO2, which is your sand. Sand is non-toxic, but it presents an inhalation hazard since the small particles could become trapped in your lungs if inhaled. Therefore, enjoy your sand, but dont play with it like you might with natural sand. White Sand Beach

Sunday, February 23, 2020

The Russian Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Russian Revolution - Essay Example Why did the revolution occur and what was the result? This is what this paper is going to focus on. The kind of revolution envisaged by Marx and Engels was to be as a result of workers consciousness or bourgeois intelligentsia. In many countries workers started forming trade unions to fight against employers and the government so as to pass labor legislations that improve their conditions. However, for Beeler and Clark the Russian revolution was â€Å"a natural and inevitable outcome of development of ideas among revolutionary socialist intelligentsia.†1 For them, socialist movements such as the trade unions are not enough to get the kind of social democracy needed otherwise the proletariats attempts would fail just like the first revolution that removed tsar from office did not work. The mistake that socialists such as Alexander Kensky made after seizing power in Russia was failure to confiscate large landholdings and give it to peasants who had fought hard to free themselves from exploitation.2 These leaders were not intelligent enough to lead a revolution like Lenin. In other words, Beeler and Clark would say they lacked revolutionary professionalism thus not revolutionary social democrats. ... The food shortage experienced in 1917 due to the war led to violent street demonstrations and an unplanned uprising occurred and in March 12, 1917 the Duma took over leadership and declared a provisional government.3 This government emphasized equality before the law, freedom of religion, speech and assembly as well as the rights of unions to organize and strike but it shared power with Petrograd soviet of workers and soldiers leading to a state of anarchy.4 The government was also unable to remove Russia from the war thus giving an opportunity to Lenin to wage his campaigns and attract huge masses of people. The provisional government rule was not successful since the leaders lacked leadership skills. For a revolution to be successful it has to be led by professional revolutionaries and not trade unionists or socialist intellectuals. It needs radical revolutionary leaders like Lenin and Trotsky who are always preoccupied with social democratic activities. Lenin called for â€Å"dis ciplined workers who are controlled by small, dedicated elite of intellectual and professional revolutionaries† as opposed to masses.5 The group was referred as Bolsheviks and though they failed in their first attempt to seize power from the provisional government, the army skills of Trotsky and support of soldiers and workers tired of the war made the second attempt to be successful. The Bolshevik majority declared all power for the soviets and Lenin as head of government thus displacing the provisional government.6 However, to end the war he had to sign the Treaty of Brest-Litorsk thus ceding Russian territories to central powers. Civil war ensued thereafter but the

Friday, February 7, 2020

Explanatory synthesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Explanatory synthesis - Essay Example Social psychology challenges the most basic assumptions of human behaviour and nature, and to a big extent the predictability of the social world. Psychologists look at the different kinds of situations in the world in a very distinct and different way from that of other people and they apply the beliefs and insights of psychology to the unfolding social events around them. Individuals respond differently to social influences by either choosing to comply, identifying, complying or internalizing. Compliance is seen as a form of agreement to the particular situation at hand, but deep from within the person might be in no way convinced. Situations in a big way determine the kind response a person will extend to particular situation. In the text, Ross argues that the type of information about personality that most of the people would possess before predicting personality proves to be of relatively little value. Research has indicated that when faced in certain situations such as these, i t is not possible to predict with accuracy how particular people will respond. Situational behaviour in relation to an individual’s actions can be demonstrated in the parable of the Good Samaritan. The story is about a Jewish man who was travelling to Jericho, but bandits attacked him and left him lying half-dead by the roadside. A priest passes him and offers him no help, until a Good Samaritan whose stereotype hated the Jews stopped by and offered the man assistance. The study experimenters of social philosophy recruited 67 students from the Princeton Theological Seminary, telling them that it a study about religious education and vocations (Hoyk, Hersey 49). Unknown to these participants, they were to be subjected to their own personal Good Samaritan attributes. The requirement was that they would fill questionnaires on their personality then walk to a nearby room to give their talk. On the doorway, a man was lying doubled over with his eyes closed and coughing. All the pa rticipants would not escape the site of the distressed man and the biggest question was, would they be willing to offer any assistance to the man? In their assumption, the experimenters thought that it would be dependent on how much the participants were hurried, and thus devised a way of manipulating them, by giving each a map and one of the instructions which either stated that the participant was late and had been a few minutes late. Another stated that the assistance was waiting for the participant, yet the other stated that it would take another few minutes before the interviewers were ready, but had the option of proceeding over. This created conditions of high, medium, and low hurry and thus some students left the office thinking that they needed to be quick, others less while the rest felt relaxed. Each of the three conditions were was also divided into two, half of them were required to give a talk on the Good Samaritan and the other half on prospects for seminary graduates . This helped the experimenters to assess both the effects of hurry and the talk they were to give on students’ helping behaviours. The outcome of the experience was classified into two classes, which included in a hurry and could not stop and judge on context. From the results, only 40% of the students offered some form of assistance to the people, with a few stepping over the apparently injured man, but it was evident that the amount of hurry they were in had a

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Airport Incident Management System Essay Example for Free

Airport Incident Management System Essay 1. Introduction Airport operations are growing in complexity day by day, and extend across multiple service providers at the airport – namely ground handlers, customs, immigration, retail tenants, air traffic control, security, baggage handlers, airlines consortiums and airlines. These agencies use the airport infrastructure in such a way that they meet their commitment to their customers in due time. These commitments put a lot of pressure on the airport infrastructure support staff to keep the systems up and running efficiently. Currently these services are handled manually at most of the Indian airports, so there are umpteen chances of these services to breakdown at most appropriate time when airport are supposed to meet their stated commitments with agencies. These incidents are very frequently occurring, particularly at the busy airports like Delhi and Hyderabad where pressure to meet timelines are heavy on airport infrastructure. Therefore there is a need for a technology solution to provide the flexible and proactive service delivery which guarantees the availability and usability of the infrastructure available at the airport to meet the commitments. This case study discusses a solution that raises the service level of the airport to its agencies and eventually creates a positive image in the minds of its users. This case study is based on this technical solution provided at one of the busy airport where the technical solution created, provides the right answer to different stakeholders at the airport. The context diagram [pic] Source Internet 2. Case Study Purpose The purpose of this case study is to highlight the technical solution provided to solve the problems arising due to the multiple agencies of the airport using the same airport infrastructure. 3. Case Study Methodology The methodology to arrive at the solution to the use of airport infrastructure problem was the extensive survey method and later on the software implementation methodology for implementing AR Systems (Incident Management Components). The Survey Method A questionnaire about the status of services provided by the current staff to the concerned agency department was circulated and feedback collected. The response feedback was consolidated and improvements discussed and applied. A need to streamlining the procedure or writing the standard procedure was felt and implemented in the short run. Visits by senior management staff to similar airport and studying the response to the tender floated by the airport led to the long term planning of implementing the software solution. 4. The technology strategy After the gruesome struggle to provide the required service 247 at the airport terminal building, a search for better technical solution that can cater to the current requirement and as well as give scope for future growth is always on. A team of experts were constituted to suggest the course of action which can address the airports infrastructure problem in the short run and simultaneously can find appropriate technology solutions to mitigate the problem as well as expand the extent of service at the airport for future projections. Short Term Planning – It was felt that in short run the airport operation must have the standard procedure which can be followed and improved with the experience of supporting the agencies of the airport. The performance of the support staff can also be measured and their skill enhanced to meet requirements of different support levels. Long term Planning – An appropriate IT solution must be developed or procured to record incidents / solutions and can use the learning/Knowledge for handling future incidents.

Monday, January 20, 2020

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in E-Commerce Essay -- Trade Ec

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in E-Commerce The US is seeking to extend the duty-free status of international online transactions to protect the development of global electronic commerce, the Clinton administration said yesterday. Susan Esserman, deputy US trade representative, said the US wanted the World Trade Organization to agree "at the earliest possible date" to extend the current moratorium on customs duties for electronic trade. In testimony to the Senate foreign relations sub-committee on Europe, Ms Esserman said duty-free cyberspace was particularly valuable to US software companies that were seeking to distribute their products electronically. The US is also looking for WTO members to affirm that electronic commerce is subject to existing rules and agreements, and should not face "unnecessary regulatory barriers to trade". However Ms Esserman said "more time and work are necessary" before electronic goods could be subject to final classification under WTO rules. Electronic commerce in the US is forecast to grow to $1,300bn by 2003, while in India it is expected to grow by $15bn within two years. Richard Wolffe, Washington Protectionism, it seems, is always with us and it is useful to examine the intermittent attempts made to establish rules for its containment. This book is one such examination, on the conception, birth, and early years of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT); it is restricted to the years 1940--53. It is the work of an historian but one at the political, rather than economic, end of the spectrum. The heavy emphasis throughout is on the American role within an essentially Anglo-American tussle. The argument is that although trade was a relatively small proportion of US output it was used for political and diplomatic purposes. The general thrust is that the US was keen on a new liberal order and determined to break the British empire's preferential trading arrangements. However, when we read that the central argument is that, 'by liberalizing trade while protecting domestic economies -- a bargain consistent with US trade law, practice, and history ...', we might reasonably expect to be in for a roc ky ride. Politics is important and possibly even central in the process of trade protection, but will always be found to depend on economic forces. The politics... ...sn’t have enough of its own trees to meet its demand for paper. The cheapest way for the Japanese to meet their paper needs has been to import raw logs from America, a trade which ended in the 1980s because there simply was not enough timber to supply Japan and satisfy domestic U.S. needs. Free trade, of course, demands that traders sell to the customer who offers the highest price; they cannot be required to fill the needs of one market at the expense of another. Should Americans sell to Japan at higher prices even if it means domestic shortages, or is it appropriate to say, "These are our trees, hands off"? The arguments that apply to protecting timber can also be easily applied to other natural resources, such as coal or copper. On the other hand, free trade agreements work to the benefit of the United States in terms of resources where we cannot fill our own needs, such as oil or gold. Although each of these arenas has its own specific issues, in each case the essential question boils down to: "Is this important enough to our country that we should protect ourselves against the inroads of foreign traders, thereby cutting ourselves off from the benefits of free trade?" General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in E-Commerce Essay -- Trade Ec General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in E-Commerce The US is seeking to extend the duty-free status of international online transactions to protect the development of global electronic commerce, the Clinton administration said yesterday. Susan Esserman, deputy US trade representative, said the US wanted the World Trade Organization to agree "at the earliest possible date" to extend the current moratorium on customs duties for electronic trade. In testimony to the Senate foreign relations sub-committee on Europe, Ms Esserman said duty-free cyberspace was particularly valuable to US software companies that were seeking to distribute their products electronically. The US is also looking for WTO members to affirm that electronic commerce is subject to existing rules and agreements, and should not face "unnecessary regulatory barriers to trade". However Ms Esserman said "more time and work are necessary" before electronic goods could be subject to final classification under WTO rules. Electronic commerce in the US is forecast to grow to $1,300bn by 2003, while in India it is expected to grow by $15bn within two years. Richard Wolffe, Washington Protectionism, it seems, is always with us and it is useful to examine the intermittent attempts made to establish rules for its containment. This book is one such examination, on the conception, birth, and early years of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT); it is restricted to the years 1940--53. It is the work of an historian but one at the political, rather than economic, end of the spectrum. The heavy emphasis throughout is on the American role within an essentially Anglo-American tussle. The argument is that although trade was a relatively small proportion of US output it was used for political and diplomatic purposes. The general thrust is that the US was keen on a new liberal order and determined to break the British empire's preferential trading arrangements. However, when we read that the central argument is that, 'by liberalizing trade while protecting domestic economies -- a bargain consistent with US trade law, practice, and history ...', we might reasonably expect to be in for a roc ky ride. Politics is important and possibly even central in the process of trade protection, but will always be found to depend on economic forces. The politics... ...sn’t have enough of its own trees to meet its demand for paper. The cheapest way for the Japanese to meet their paper needs has been to import raw logs from America, a trade which ended in the 1980s because there simply was not enough timber to supply Japan and satisfy domestic U.S. needs. Free trade, of course, demands that traders sell to the customer who offers the highest price; they cannot be required to fill the needs of one market at the expense of another. Should Americans sell to Japan at higher prices even if it means domestic shortages, or is it appropriate to say, "These are our trees, hands off"? The arguments that apply to protecting timber can also be easily applied to other natural resources, such as coal or copper. On the other hand, free trade agreements work to the benefit of the United States in terms of resources where we cannot fill our own needs, such as oil or gold. Although each of these arenas has its own specific issues, in each case the essential question boils down to: "Is this important enough to our country that we should protect ourselves against the inroads of foreign traders, thereby cutting ourselves off from the benefits of free trade?"

Sunday, January 12, 2020

Gonzales V. Raich

Pace University Michael Khoo LAW 101 Gonzales v. Raich(545 U. S. 1 (U. S. Sup. Ct. 2005)) I. FACTS Angel Raich and Diane Monson (plaintiffs) suffered from serious medical conditions and the only effective treatment was the use of Marijuana which was recommended by the doctors. In 1996, a California statue, under the name of The Compassionate Use Act, was established to legally allow marijuana to be used only for medicinal purposes. Monson cultivated her own Marijuana for her own usage as she relied on it heavily for daily functions.The Drug Enforcement Administration (defendant) came to Monson’s house, discovered the cannabis plants and destroyed all six of them. Raich and Monson sued the DEA to obtain an injunction that would inhibit the enforcement of the federal Control Substance Act (CSA) on Monson. The CSA classifies marijuana as a controlled substance. Raich and Monson claimed that enforcing the CSA would violate the Commerce Clause and the Due Process Clause of the Fift h Amendment. II. JUDGEMENT Angel Raich and Diane Monson (plaintiffs) won the case.The Drug Enforcement Administration (defendant) lost the case. III. LEGAL PRINCIPAL A. ISSUE Whether Congress’ power to regulate interstate markets for medical substances encompasses the portions of those markets that are supplied with drugs produced and consumed locally. B. HOLDING No. IV. REASONING A. GENERAL ANALYSIS In this Constitutional Case, the Controlled Substance Act (CSA) gives Congress and the Federal government the right to confiscate and/ or destroy any discovered controlled substances.Marijuana is considered a schedule 1 controlled substance due to hazards, high potential for abuse and lack of medicinal benefits. The Compassionate Use Act was created in 1996 in California as a statue that legally allows Marijuana to be used only for medicinal and medical purposes. The argument used against the DEA for enforcing the CSA on the plaintiffs is that it would be a violation of the Comme rce Clause which is a major component of the Fifth Amendment.The Commerce Clause establishes that the congress has the authority to oversee, regulate and intervene in interstate commercial activity. B. APPLIED ANALYSIS The Controlled Substance Act’s jurisdiction was used by the DEA to destroy Marijuana in Monson’s house because of the simple fact that Marijuana is categorized as a Schedule 1 controlled substance. However the plaintiffs argue that such action would take away the power of the Commerce Clause of the Fifth Amendment which states that the federal government body has the authority to overlook and regulate interstate activity.Nowhere in that clause does it give the federal body the power to regulate intrastate activity which is the case of the cultivation of marijuana in Monson’s house. In addition to that, the Compassionate Use Act supports the cultivation of marijuana in Monson’s house because Monson is a patient who was severely ill and whose life was dependent on the usage of Marijuana for recovery. According to the circumstances of this case in which the possession of marijuana was due to health, medical and medicinal reason, and for abuse purposes, the Supreme Court has overruled the DEA to execute the CSA on Monson.

Saturday, January 4, 2020

Police Operations - 780 Words

Police Operations Paper Jessica Eley Todd Larson CJA/214 9/6/11 In the early 1900 policing made up of two basic functions patrolling and investigating crimes. Patrol officers patrolled the areas mainly on foot requiring direct contact with the community they served. The detectives investigated illegal gambling operations and corruption. Looking into modern policing dangers in the job is a primary concern and how to improve measures for the safety of the officers. The Taser is a less than lethal weapon used to stop individuals without fatally wounding them. The use of modern technology in today’s policing has become widespread in securing Americas borders and every day policing duties. In policing there are applications†¦show more content†¦Police workers experience various tasks, interpersonal and physical demands during police operations that the majority of ordinary people never come across at their work or in their families. These requirements and stressors negatively influence a physical and psychological condition that ma y lead to more serious physical or mental damage or interruption role and physical demands for policemen can develop a condition of constant overload called hyper stress. Typically, the number of queries concerns and emergency calls exceeds the time assigned to a particular police worker. Therefore, not only is the quality of the time given to each separate case and that’s why each case at risk, the mental and physical condition of the police worker is in jeopardy. Regarding investigators, they experience heavy caseloads for which they are expected to follow prescribed case management criteria. Also, they find themselves within very limited time framework set by prosecutors who may keep them under the pressure to finish the process as fast as they possibly can, so that the case can reach the trial. 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